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\u4e0a\u671f\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u539f\u7406-\u7b2c5\u7ae0 \u884c\u4e3a\u8c03\u8282\u795e\u7ecf\u56de\u8def\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u57fa\u7840\uff08\u4e0a\uff09<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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5.2 \u795e\u7ecf\u56de\u8def\u57fa\u5e8f\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u903b\u8f91<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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5.2.2 \u5c0f\u8111\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u8868\u5f81\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u56fe 5.2.3\uff1a<\/span>\u5c0f\u8111\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u5927\u8111\u548c\u810a\u9ad3\u591a\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u7684\u8f93\u5165<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f93\u5165\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u82d4\u85d3\u7ea4\u7ef4<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u53d1\u6563\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong>\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7ec4\u5408<\/strong>\u3002\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u7684\u6811\u7a81\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u6570\u5341\u4e07\u4e2a\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u7684\u4f1a\u805a\u8f93\u5165<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u80de\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u8f74\u7a81\uff08\u79f0\u4e3a\u5e73\u884c\u7ea4\u7ef4<\/strong>\uff09\u4e2d\u7ee7\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u7a81\u89e6\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u7ea4\u7ef4<\/strong>\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8fd0\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u4e60\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u8fd9\u4e00\u5206\u6790\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5c0f\u8111\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ee5\u591a\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u5927\u91cf\u8f93\u5165\u901a\u9053<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6839\u636e\u523a\u6fc0\u548c\u52a8\u4f5c\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u5171\u73b0<\/strong>\u8fdb\u884c\u63a8\u7406<\/strong>\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u52a8\u4f5c<\/strong>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8981\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u5927\u91cf\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u662f\u5c0f\u8111\u76ae\u5c42<\/strong>\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u795e\u7ecf\u5143<\/strong>\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u8bfb\u51fa\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4e0e\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5206\u6563\u8f93\u5165\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u4e0e\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u6c47\u805a\u4f8b\u5b50<\/strong>\u3002\u5355\u4e2a\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u8d85\u8fc7\u5341\u4e07\u4e2a\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u5927\u536b\u00b7\u9a6c\u5c14\u548c\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u963f\u5c14\u5e03\u65af\u57281970\u5e74\u4ee3\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5c0f\u8111\u529f\u80fd\u7406\u8bba\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u878d\u5408<\/strong>\u4f7f\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6781\u5176\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8868\u5f81<\/strong>\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u7528\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u53ef\u80fd\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u5f62\u6210\u590d\u6742\u8fd0\u52a8\u6280\u80fd<\/strong>\uff08\u5982\u9a91\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u6216\u6f14\u594f\u4e50\u5668\uff09\u6240\u9700\u7684\u60ca\u4eba\u8054\u60f3\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u57fa\u7840<\/strong>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u63d0\u53d6\u591a\u79cd\u76ee\u7684<\/strong>\u7684\u6709\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u8bfb\u6570<\/strong>\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u9002\u5e94\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7531\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684<\/strong>\u7a81\u89e6\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u540e\u9762\u90e8\u5206\u6240\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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5.2.3 \u5faa\u73af\u56de\u8def\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u6574\u5408\u7684\u57fa\u7840<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5929\u751f\u5065\u5fd8\u3002<\/strong>\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u77ac\u6001\u7a81\u89e6\u8f93\u5165<\/strong>\u901a\u5e38\u4ec5\u5f15\u53d1\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u54cd\u5e94\u4f1a\u5728\u51e0\u5341\u6beb\u79d2\u5185\u8870\u51cf<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8870\u51cf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7531\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5185\u5728\u7279\u6027\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u819c\u65f6\u95f4\u5e38\u6570<\/strong>\uff08\u8be6\u89c1\u7b2c9\u7ae0<\/span><\/strong>\uff09\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u5982\u4f55\u6301\u7eed\u8db3\u591f\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u8bf8\u5982\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/strong>\u6216\u51b3\u7b56\u5236\u5b9a<\/strong>\u7b49\u8ba4\u77e5\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u79d2\u3001\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u957f\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u52a8\u773c\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6574\u5408\u56de\u8def<\/strong>\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6700\u521d\u6e90\u4e8e\u6765\u81ea\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong>\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4eba\u8d39\u89e3\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u89c1\u56fe5.2.4A<\/span><\/strong>\uff09\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u773c\u90e8\u808c\u8089<\/strong>\u7684\u52a8\u773c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143<\/strong>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u77ac\u65f6\u589e\u52a0\u52a8\u4f5c\u7535\u4f4d\u653e\u7535<\/strong>\u5f15\u53d1\u773c\u775b\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5728\u773c\u775b\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u56fa\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/strong>\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u7535\u4f4d\u653e\u7535<\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u773c\u775b\u6ce8\u89c6\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u5de6\u4fa7<\/strong>\u65f6\uff0c\u6295\u5c04\u5230\u773c\u7403\u808c\u8089\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u653e\u7535\u9891\u7387\u9ad8<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u6ce8\u89c6\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u53f3\u4fa7<\/strong>\u65f6\uff0c\u653e\u7535\u9891\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e<\/strong>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6295\u5c04\u5230\u52a8\u773c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u524d\u795e\u7ecf\u5143<\/strong>\u53ea\u5728\u773c\u7403\u8fd0\u52a8\u524d\u77ed\u6682\u653e\u7535<\/strong>\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0e\u773c\u775b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6d3b\u52a8<\/strong>\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8<\/strong>\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u731c\u60f3\uff08\u73b0\u5df2\u5f97\u5230\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u773c\u4f4d\u4fe1\u53f7\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8111\u5e72\u795e\u7ecf\u5143<\/strong>\u6574\u5408\u77ac\u6001\u773c\u901f\u5ea6\u4fe1\u53f7<\/strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u800c\u6765\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u63a5\u6536\u901f\u5ea6\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u52a8\u773c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u8f93\u51fa<\/strong>\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u773c\u775b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u7334\u5b50\u8111\u5e72\u6838\u56e2<\/strong>\uff08\u5982\u5185\u4fa7\u524d\u5ead\u6838\u548c\u820c\u4e0b\u820c\u524d\u6838\uff09\u7684\u635f\u4f24\u6216\u5931\u6d3b\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u773c\u7403\u8fd0\u52a8\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u773c\u4f4d<\/strong>\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u795e\u7ecf\u6574\u5408\u56de\u8def<\/strong>\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8111\u5e72\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u635f\u4f24\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u51dd\u89c6\u8bf1\u53d1\u6027\u773c\u7403\u9707\u98a4<\/strong>\uff08\u8be6\u89c1\u7b2c<\/strong><\/span>35\u7ae0<\/strong><\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u56de\u8def<\/strong>\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u6574\u5408\u7684\uff1f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u662f\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u5185\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7279\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u6709\u6548\u5ef6\u957f\u4e86\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u819c\u65f6\u95f4\u5e38\u6570<\/strong>\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u77ed\u6682\u8f93\u5165\u4ea7\u751f\u6301\u7eed\u8f93\u51fa<\/strong>\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d89\u53ca\u7535\u538b\u6fc0\u6d3b\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053<\/strong>\u7684\u673a\u5236\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5019\u9009\u8005\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7535\u538b\u6fc0\u6d3b\u901a\u9053<\/strong>\u88ab\u963b\u65ad\uff0c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4fe1\u53f7<\/strong>\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u662f\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u6e90\u81ea\u7a81\u89e6\u8026\u5408\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u91d1\u9c7c\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong>\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u7a81\u89e6\u8f93\u5165\u6c34\u5e73<\/strong>\u968f\u7740\u773c\u775b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u56fe 5.2.4\uff1a<\/span>\u7ef4\u6301\u773c\u775b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af\u56de\u8def\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8<\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span>A. \u4e0a\u56fe\uff1a\u626b\u89c6\u773c\u7403\u8fd0\u52a8\u5305\u62ec\u773c\u7403\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5c06\u76ee\u6807\u5e26\u56de\u51dd\u89c6\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u773c\u775b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6301\u7eed\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e2d\u592e\u51f9\u5bf9\u51c6\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u84dd\u8272\u865a\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7070\u8272\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u773c\u7403\u8fd0\u52a8\u53ca\u968f\u540e\u7684\u6ce8\u89c6\u3002\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a\u52a8\u773c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0e\u773c\u7403\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u77ed\u6682\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u773c\u775b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/span>B. \u53cd\u590d\u7684\u5174\u594b\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6570\u5b66\u79ef\u5206\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c06\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u8109\u51b2\u8f93\u5165\uff08\u5982\u773c\u901f\u4fe1\u53f7\uff09\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u653e\u7535\u7387\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u80fd\u591f\u6267\u884c\u6574\u5408\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76<\/strong>\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong>\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u7fa4\u76f8\u4e92\u6fc0\u53d1\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143<\/strong>\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u5f31\u8026\u5408\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>\u5bf9\u5feb\u901f\u8870\u51cf\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8109\u51b2<\/strong>\u4f5c\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5f53\u53cd\u590d\u6fc0\u53d1\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5ef6\u957f\u539f\u672c\u4f1a\u8870\u51cf\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u7fa4\u4f53\u53cd\u5e94\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u957f\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5faa\u73af\u6fc0\u52b1\u80fd\u591f\u7cbe\u786e\u62b5\u6d88\u8870\u51cf<\/strong>\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u4ee5\u65e0\u9650\u671f\u5730\u6301\u7eed<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u53c2\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u52a8\u773c\u795e\u7ecf\u6574\u5408\u5668\u56de\u8def<\/strong>\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u7c7b\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f53\u773c\u775b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u671d\u67d0\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u7c7b\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u653e\u7535\u7387\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u653e\u7535\u7387\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u7acb\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6392\u5217<\/strong>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u52a8\u773c\u795e\u7ecf\u6574\u5408\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u51b3\u7b56<\/strong>\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/strong>\u7684\u76ae\u8d28\u533a\u57df\u4e5f\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6392\u5217\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u7acb\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u6291\u5236<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7ef4\u6301\u6d3b\u52a8<\/strong>\u548c\u878d\u5408\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u867d\u7136\u89e3\u5256\u5b66\u7814\u7a76<\/strong>\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u91d1\u9c7c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u7acb\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/strong>\u88ab\u79fb\u9664\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u529f\u80fd\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6574\u5408\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8c03\u8282\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8fdb\u884c\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u8c03\u6574<\/strong>\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u53ef\u8c03\u8282\u7684<\/strong>\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u79cd\u8c03\u6574\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u7a81\u89e6\u8fde\u63a5\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316<\/strong>\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u76f4\u63a5\u8bc1\u636e<\/strong>\u5c1a\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u660e\u786e\u8bc1\u5b9e\u3002\u7b80\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6574\u5408\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong>\u6709\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u652f\u6301\u6574\u5408\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784<\/strong>\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4ecd\u6709\u5f85\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u7ef4\u6301\u773c\u775b\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/strong>\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u4e34\u5e8a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u6837\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/strong>\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u5236\u5b9a<\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u6210\u50cf<\/strong>\u3001\u7cbe\u786e\u64cd\u4f5c\u5176\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u89e3\u5256\u5b66\u91cd\u5efa<\/strong>\uff0c\u518d\u7ed3\u5408\u7f51\u7edc\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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5.3 \u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7a81\u89e6\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u7ecf\u9a8c<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u53d8\u795e\u7ecf\u56de\u8def<\/strong>\u6765\u652f\u6301\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\uff08\u8be6\u89c1\u7b2c3\u7ae0<\/strong><\/span>\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/strong>\u4e2d\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u53d8\u5316\u4e3b\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u7a81\u89e6<\/strong>\u4e0a\u3002\u5df2\u7ecf\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7a81\u89e6\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u96c6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
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\u6b63\u5982\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\u4e5f\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6307\u793a<\/strong>\u6765\u6307\u5bfc\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5956\u52b1<\/strong>\u6216\u8d1f\u60e9\u7f5a<\/strong>\u6765\u6307\u793a\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u800c\u5728\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6307\u5bfc\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5185\u5728\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e0e\u8d6b\u5e03\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u5c0f\u8111\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff08\u6709\u5173\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\u53ca\u5176\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u56de\u8def\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\u7b2c52\u81f354\u7ae0<\/span><\/strong>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

5.3.1 \u7a81\u89e6\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8d6b\u5e03\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u6765\u8bc6\u522b<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u76ae\u5c42\u795e\u7ecf\u5143<\/strong>\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u6570\u5343\u4e2a\u5176\u4ed6\u795e\u7ecf\u5143<\/strong>\u7684\u7a81\u89e6\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u6574\u5408<\/strong>\u6210\u52a8\u4f5c\u7535\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a81\u89e6\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u5f3a\u5ea6<\/strong>\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f93\u5165\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u653e\u7535<\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u7a81\u89e6\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u90fd\u88ab\u8bbe\u4e3a\u96f6\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u4f55\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u82e5\u6240\u6709\u7a81\u89e6\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u662f\u968f\u673a\u566a\u58f0<\/strong>\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa<\/strong>\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u6700\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u90e8\u5206<\/strong>\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8d6b\u5e03\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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1949\u5e74\uff0c\u5510\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u8d6b\u5e03<\/strong>\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7406\u8bba\uff1a\u5f53\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u7a81\u89e6\u524d\u8f93\u5165\u4e0e\u8db3\u591f\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u534f\u540c\u8f93\u5165<\/strong>\u4e00\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8be5\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6fc0\u53d1\u52a8\u4f5c\u7535\u4f4d<\/strong>\u65f6\uff0c\u7a81\u89e6\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5e94\u8be5\u589e\u5f3a<\/strong>\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u8be6\u89c1\u7b2c54\u7ae0<\/span><\/strong>\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u8d6b\u5e03\u7a81\u89e6\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u8d6b\u5e03\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7a81\u89e6\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u8fd9\u79cd\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8865\u507f\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u7a33\u6001\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e5f\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8d6b\u5e03\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\u548c\u7a33\u6001\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u65e0\u9700\u76d1\u7763\u4fe1\u53f7<\/strong>\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8c03\u6574\u7a81\u89e6\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u8f93\u5165\u76f8\u6bd4\u8c03\u5236\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u8f93\u5165\u7ec4\u5408<\/strong>\uff08\u89c1\u56fe5.3.1<\/strong><\/span>\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ec4\u5408\u662f\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u6700\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8d6b\u5e03\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u4e3a\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u63d0\u53d6<\/strong>\u6b64\u7c7b\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u56fe 5.3.1\uff1a<\/span>\u8d6b\u5e03\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u63a5\u6536100\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u4e864\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7387<\/strong>\uff08\u5de6\u56fe\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u901f\u7387\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u566a\u58f0<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u6b63\u5f26\u4fe1\u53f7<\/strong>\u3002\u8f93\u5165\u901f\u7387\u901a\u8fc7\u7a81\u89e6\u5f3a\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff08\u68d5\u8272\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\uff09\u52a0\u6743\u540e\u6c42\u548c\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u603b\u8f93\u5165<\/strong>\uff08\u53f3\u56fe\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8d6b\u5e03\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\u4f5c\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7a81\u89e6\u6743\u91cd\u662f\u968f\u673a\u7684\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u603b\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u566a\u58f0\u8f68\u8ff9\uff1b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8d6b\u5e03\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u8c03\u6574\u540e\uff0c\u603b\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6b63\u5f26\u4fe1\u53f7<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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5.3.2 \u5c0f\u8111\u7684\u7a81\u89e6\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u5728\u8fd0\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u8d77\u7740\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5c0f\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u4fc3\u8fdb\u590d\u6742\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fd0\u52a8\u6280\u80fd<\/strong>\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u673a\u5236\u4ecd\u77e5\u4e4b\u751a\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b83\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5df2\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7814\u7a76\u6700\u900f\u5f7b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6027\u7728\u773c\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8303\u4f8b\u7528\u4e8e\u63a2\u8ba8\u5c0f\u8111\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0<\/strong>\uff08\u5982\u5149\u6216\u97f3\u8c03\uff09\u4e0e\u538c\u6076\u7684\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0<\/strong>\uff08\u5982\u5411\u773c\u775b\u5439\u6c14\uff09\u53cd\u590d\u914d\u5bf9\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u51e0\u5929\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u52a8\u7269\u5b66\u4f1a\u5728\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0<\/strong>\uff08\u73b0\u5728\u79f0\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0<\/strong>\uff09\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\u95ed\u4e0a\u773c\u775b\uff0c\u4ee5\u9884\u671f\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0<\/strong>\uff08\u5982\u5439\u6c14\uff09\u3002\u773c\u7751\u95ed\u5408\u7684\u65f6\u673a\u5bf9\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0e\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/strong>\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7279\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u773c\u7751\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04<\/strong>\u6210\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u5c0f\u8111\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u8303\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5c0f\u8111\u56de\u8def\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u89c1\u56fe5.3.2<\/strong><\/span>\uff09\u3002\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0<\/strong>\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u9996\u5148\u7531\u5c0f\u8111\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0<\/strong>\u7531\u53e6\u4e00\u6761\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u901a\u8def\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6500\u722c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\uff0c\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u6a44\u6984\u5c0f\u8111<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0e\u6765\u81ea\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u6570\u5343\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165<\/strong>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u4ec5\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u8111\u5e72\u4e0b<\/strong>\u6a44\u6984\u6838<\/strong>\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u5f3a\u5927\u7684<\/strong>\u6500\u722c\u7ea4\u7ef4<\/strong>\u8f93\u5165<\/strong>\u3002\u7535\u751f\u7406\u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong>\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u5230\u5c0f\u8111\u7279\u5b9a\u533a\u57df\u7684\u6500\u722c\u7ea4\u7ef4<\/strong>\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0<\/strong>\uff08\u5982\u5bf9\u89d2\u819c\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\uff09\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u73b0\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6500\u722c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5728\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u4e2d\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u8d85\u9608\u503c\u53cd\u5e94<\/strong>\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u5c16\u5cf0<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u56fe 5.3.2\uff1a<\/span>\u5c0f\u8111\u5728\u7728\u773c\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u4e2d\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u6709\u5173\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0<\/strong>\u548c\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0<\/strong>\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u522b\u901a\u8fc7\u82d4\u85d3\u7ea4\u7ef4<\/strong>\u548c\u6500\u722c\u7ea4\u7ef4<\/strong>\u901a\u8def\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u5728\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u5448\u73b0\u4e4b\u524d<\/strong>\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u7a81\u89e6\u9010\u6e10\u56e0\u6500\u722c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u8f93\u5165\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u957f\u671f\u6291\u5236<\/strong>\u800c\u51cf\u5f31\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u7684\u6682\u505c\u6fc0\u6d3b<\/strong>\uff0c\u6070\u597d\u5728\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0<\/strong>\u53d1\u751f\u524d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u662f\u6291\u5236\u6027<\/strong>\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6682\u505c\u4f1a\u6fc0\u6d3b\u5c0f\u8111\u6838\u548c\u7ea2\u6838<\/strong>\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u6e38\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9a71\u52a8\u773c\u7751\u95ed\u5408<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u4e86\u89e3\u5c0f\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u8282\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5173\u952e<\/strong>\u5728\u4e8e\u53d1\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u5c16\u5cf0<\/strong>\u89e6\u53d1\u4e86\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u4e0e\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u4e4b\u95f4\u7a81\u89e6\u7684\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u7a81\u89e6\u524d\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u8f93\u5165<\/strong>\u4e0e\u7a81\u89e6\u540e\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5c16\u5cf0<\/strong>\u540c\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u51cf\u5f31\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5c0f\u8111\u957f\u671f\u6291\u5236<\/strong>\uff08\u89c1\u56fe5.3.2<\/strong><\/span>\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0<\/strong>\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u5230\u6765\u524d\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u9897\u7c92-\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u7a81\u89e6<\/strong>\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u968f\u7740\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u9884\u671f\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>\u7684\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5174\u594b\u51cf\u5c11<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u653e\u7535<\/strong>\u4e2d\u9010\u6e10\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0e\u5b66\u4e60\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6682\u505c<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u653e\u7535\u7684\u51cf\u5c11<\/strong>\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e60\u5f97\u6027\u8fd0\u52a8\u53cd\u5e94<\/strong>\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u901a\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u53d1\u6d3b\u52a8<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u6291\u5236\u5176\u4e0b\u6e38\u9776\u70b9<\/strong>\u6765\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5c0f\u8111\u533a\u57df\u7684\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4e0e\u773c\u90e8\u6709\u5bb3\u523a\u6fc0<\/strong>\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6500\u722c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u8f93\u5165<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u773c\u7751\u95ed\u5408\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143<\/strong>\u5f62\u6210\u7a81\u89e6\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e60\u5f97\u7684\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u653e\u7535\u6682\u505c<\/strong>\u6070\u597d\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u65f6\u523b\u89e6\u53d1\u773c\u7751\u95ed\u5408<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u773c\u775b\u3002\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6682\u505c\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7531\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u591a\u6837\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53cd\u5e94\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\u6240\u4ecb\u5bfc\u7684\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4eff\u771f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5355\u4e2a\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u540e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/strong>\u5904\u6d3b\u8dc3\uff0c\u6216\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u4e0e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4f46\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u901a\u8fc7\u9897\u7c92-\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u7a81\u89e6\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u6b63\u786e\u5b9a\u65f6\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong>\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7531\u4e8e\u6280\u672f\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5c1a\u672a\u5728\u53c2\u4e0e\u7728\u773c\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u5c0f\u8111\u533a\u57df\u7684\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u6b64\u7c7b\u65f6\u95f4\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8bc1\u636e<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7c7b\u4f3c\u9c7c\u7c7b\u5c0f\u8111<\/strong>\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u591a\u6837\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53cd\u5e94\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\u3002\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u5c0f\u8111\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u7728\u773c\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04<\/strong>\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u795e\u7ecf\u56de\u8def<\/strong>\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u590d\u8bd5\u9a8c<\/strong>\u8c03\u8282\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u6f14\u594f\u4e50\u5668<\/strong>\u3002\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u6574\u5408\u4e86\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883<\/strong>\u548c\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001<\/strong>\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u9897\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u4f20\u9012\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5173\u4e8e\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u610f\u5916\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/strong>\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u7531\u6500\u722c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u4f20\u9012\uff09\u3002\u6500\u722c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6559\u5e08<\/strong>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u524a\u5f31\u4e4b\u524d\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u7a81\u89e6\uff0c\u7ea0\u6b63\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a81\u89e6\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316<\/strong>\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u653e\u7535\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u56de\u8def\u8c03\u6574\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong>\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5c11\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5c0f\u8111<\/strong>\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u8111\u76ae\u5c42<\/strong>\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6d77\u9a6c\u533a<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5927\u91cf\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/strong>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65<\/strong>\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7a81\u89e6\u52a8\u4f5c\u3001\u5355\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u56de\u8def\u5bf9\u8bb0\u5fc6\u76f8\u5173\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u8d21\u732e<\/strong>\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9014\u5f84<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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5.4 \u672c\u7ae0\u8981\u70b9\u56de\u987e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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1.\u795e\u7ecf\u7f16\u7801<\/strong>\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6d3b\u52a8<\/strong>\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u793a\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u7279\u5f81<\/strong>\u6216\u9884\u671f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong>\u3002\u89e3\u7801<\/strong>\u662f\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u91ca\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u6765\u63ed\u793a\u7f16\u7801\u4fe1\u53f7<\/strong>\u7684\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u795e\u7ecf\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u89e3\u7801<\/strong>\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u795e\u7ecf\u56de\u8def<\/strong>\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5047\u80a2\u88c5\u7f6e<\/strong>\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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2.\u795e\u7ecf\u56de\u8def<\/strong>\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u4e3b\u9898<\/strong>\u6765\u8868\u5f81\u3002\u524d\u9988\u56de\u8def<\/strong>\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u611f\u89c9\u6d41<\/strong>\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u610f\u4e49\uff1b\u5faa\u73af\u56de\u8def<\/strong>\u5219\u80fd\u591f\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u52a8\u6001\u6d3b\u52a8<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u9a71\u52a8\u8fd0\u52a8\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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3.\u5927\u591a\u6570\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u63a5\u6536\u5174\u594b\u6027<\/strong>\u548c\u6291\u5236\u6027\u8f93\u5165<\/strong>\u7684\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5e73\u8861<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u611f\u5b98\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u53d8\u5316<\/strong>\u505a\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5524\u8d77\u52a8\u4f5c\u7535\u4f4d<\/strong>\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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4.\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6301\u7eed<\/strong>\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u6301\u6570\u79d2<\/strong>\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u6fc0\u53d1\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>\u4e3a\u4ea7\u751f\u795e\u7ecf\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u53d8\u5316<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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5.\u7a81\u89e6\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\u652f\u6301\u795e\u7ecf\u56de\u8def\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u53d8\u5316<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/strong>\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8d6b\u5e03\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e00\u7ec4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5916\u90e8\u76d1\u7763\uff08\u5982\u201c\u8001\u5e08\u201d\uff09\u3002\u5c0f\u8111\u76ae\u5c42\u7684\u7a81\u89e6\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/strong>\u5219\u7531\u8bef\u5dee\u4fe1\u53f7<\/strong>\uff08\u4e00\u79cd\u76d1\u7763\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u6574\u8fd0\u52a8\u53cd\u5e94<\/strong>\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u65f6\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u672c\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6574\u7406\u81eaPrinciples of Neural Science, Sixth Edition\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u521d\u7a3f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8eGitHub\/OpenHUTB\uff0c\u672c\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6821\u5bf9\u6392\u7248\u540e\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u4ea4\u6d41\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u9700\u8d2d\u4e70\u539f\u7248\u4e66\u7c4d\u53ef\u70b9\u51fb\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u8d2d\u4e70\u3002<\/span>
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\u2014 THE  END \u2014<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6765\u6e90 | Principles of Neural Science, Sixth Edition<\/span><\/p>\n

\u56fe\u6587\u6392\u7248 | \u66fe\u4e16\u7eaa<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5ba1\u6838\u4fee\u6539 | \u738b\u5764<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u8f6c\u8f7d\u8bf7\u4fdd\u7559\u6b64\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u5b66\u6700\u65b0\u6587\u732e<\/span><\/a>
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\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u8be22024\u5e74\u6700\u65b0SCI\u671f\u520a\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u53ca\u5206\u533a\u5566\uff01<\/span><\/a>
\u514d\u75ab\u5b66\u62fe\u9057\u7cfb\u5217<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u5b66\u7cfb\u5217<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u7cfb\u5217<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

ACIR\u6587\u732e\u901f\u9012<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

SCI\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u56fe<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

SCI\u8bba\u6587\u5199\u4f5c\u53ca\u6295\u7a3f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u751f\u4fe1\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

R\u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840\u4e0e\u5355\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u6790\u5b9e\u6218\u89c6\u9891\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6280\u672f\u53ca\u5e38\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u5e38\u7528\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/span>\u4eea\u5668\u7b80\u4ecb\u53ca\u64cd\u4f5c\u89c6\u9891<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e38\u7528\u7535\u8111\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7528\u6559\u7a0b<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5173\u6ce8\u672c\u53f7~<\/span>
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\u52a0\u5165\u8bfb\u8005\u4ea4\u6d41\u7fa4~<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u6dfb\u52a0\u8bf7\u5907\u6ce8\u5355\u4f4d\u59d3\u540d\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u52a0\u5165\u77e5\u8bc6\u661f\u7403~<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u70b9\u4eae\u8d5e\u4e0e\u5728\u770b <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7:OncoLab<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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